Afghans

Afghans
   A tribal people inhabiting the trans-Indus hilly tract whose cultural identity is shaped by the literary flavor of Pushto, an Indo-Aryan dialect, and also by their tribal customs, which were often modified by a fierce attachment to Sunni Islam. Ghiyas al-Din Bal-ban (1266-1286) is known to have established Afghan garrisons around Delhi and in many places along the Ganges River. Afghan chiefs first came to be included among minor nobles under the Tughlaqs (1320-1412). Afghans joined the revolt of amiran-i sada against Muhammad bin Tughlaq in 1342. Many Afghan clans settled in the Punjab during Tughlaq rule. After capturing power at Delhi in 1451, Bahlul Lodi encouraged the settlement of Afghan clans in different parts of north India. An Afghan population grew in Bihar during Sikandar Lodi's reign.

Historical dictionary of Medieval India. . 2011.

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